Of course if you are used to Microsoft Windows you are familiar with the concept of files. This familiarity means you won’t have to start from zero to learn about Linux files. However, you will have to relearn several concepts and techniques to work with files in the Linux environment, whether using Damn Small Linux or other versions. You can do several great things with Linux files that you can’t do easily or at all under Windows. This could be just one more reason to switch from Windows to Linux.
Files have unique names. This rule is not as simple as it may seem. There is no conflict between a hard disk file named pay12june and a file named pay12june on your removable USB flash drive. In fact, be sure to backup all your important files. Don’t worry if your hard drive file is erased or becomes corrupted and illegible, simply access the one on your flash drive. You could also have two files named pay12june on your hard drive in different directories. Directories, collections of directories and files, will be discussed in the next article in this series.
Linux distinguishes between lower-case and upper-case characters in file names. Microsoft Windows does not. For example, Linux treats pay12june and Pay12june as two different files, as different as pay12june and heighho. Windows users will have to adapt to this major difference. Even though I am a Linux fan I don’t see any advantage in the Linux way of naming files. Maybe I have spent too much time in the Windows environment.
File names should be relatively short. The allowed maximum is 255 characters but working with long file names is no fun and in fact is asking for trouble. Linux file names may not contain the character / which has a special meaning. To avoid misunderstanding don’t include special characters such as $ and & in your file names. Doing so could cause confusion and lead to hard-to-find errors. For the same reason don’t call your files by special Linux names such as etc.
Linux sometimes applies file extensions; common examples include .c to indicate a C-language program and .htm or .html to indicate one type of web page. Savvy Linux users often avoid coding the file extension but rely on the file directory to indicate the file type. Don’t give a Linux file a misleading file extension.
Use an editor to create or modify a text file. The old fashioned vi editor has been replaced by more powerful, user-friendly editors. Most versions of Linux come with several editors. Damn Small Linux, a popular version that runs under Windows, includes several editors such as Beaver that come quite close to being intuitive.
Linux provides an enormous variety of commands for processing files. Many of these commands are mnemonic; for example the command cp is used to copy files. Many commands include a wide variety of options. Consider the ls command, somewhat similar to the DIR command in the Windows environment. This seemingly simple command is quite rich and offers dozens and dozens of options many of which have no equivalent in the Windows environment.
Linux commands can be thought of as verbs. Just like most English sentences include more than a verb (go, jump) complete Linux commands contain the command itself and one or more objects. To copy a file you not only need to specify cp but also What and Where. For example, the command cp pay12june backuparea means copy the pay12june file into the backuparea directory.
Linux syntax (grammar rules) is quite strict and does take time to learn. But mastering Linux and associated technologies can lead to employment. The next step is mastering Linux directories.
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The apt package management system is the fundamental component of modern Debian based systems. It allows an OS to remain up to date in a convenient and consolidated fashion.
Help answer the question about linux for beginner
Which Linux distro should I use as a beginner?I am trying to figure out what Linux Distro would be best for me to use.
I am very computer savvy, but I am completely new to Linux and have never used it before in my life.
I am probably going to be using it for networking stuff, maybe set up a webserver, just general stuff to kind of get acquainted with it and learn.
Any opinions on what would be the best distro to use for me? What is best for a new user?
About Author
Once upon a time Levi Reiss wrote ten computer and Internet books either alone or with a co-author. Now he has moved on to building websites, including global wine (www.theworldwidewine.com), Italian wine, Italian travel, and health and nutritional aspects of wine. He has taught various and sundry computer courses including Linux and Windows operating systems at an Ontario French-language community college for decades. His new website http://www.linux4windows.com will get you to run Linux even on that outdated Windows computer in your basement but first you must remove the dust bunnies.
i have no idea what ur doing much less how to get to that screen in the first thanks for not explaining anything esp for beginners
I use Fedora 10 (http://www.fedoraproject.org).
The tools you use for development depends on what you want to do with your efforts when you're done.
If you're doing basic applications development, stick with what you know and get a hold of one of the Express editions of Visual Studio. It's simply the best IDE for development; it's the only product by Microsoft that I actually praise (most of the time).
( http://www.microsoft.com/express/product/ )
I've heard good things about Ubuntu for Windows Users transitioning to Linux OSes. I never had problems (I learned UNIX on Solaris 2 SunSparc ) with Linux, and I've never used Ubuntu, so you can't quote me on that.
Look around at http://www.kde.org/ and
http://www.gnome.org/ as well as those are typically the packaged GUIs that are available and and for which you can easily find support. I personally prefer Gnome.
As for learning Linux, I'm less knowledgable on what sites are good for that. A quick google search reveals: http://learnlinux.tsf.org.za/ and
http://linuxreviews.org/beginner/
Hope those help.
Good luck and come join us in the free world.